VDA Band 2: A Guide to Quality Assurance for Automotive Suppliers
VDA Band 2 is a standard for quality assurance for automotive suppliers, published by the German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA). It describes the procedures for production process and product approval (PPA), which is a core element for customer-specific requirements of car manufacturers and their suppliers[^2^].
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The standard aims to ensure that the products and processes of the suppliers meet the specifications and expectations of the customers, and to prevent defects and non-conformities. The standard covers the following topics:
The scope and objectives of PPA
The roles and responsibilities of the parties involved
The planning and preparation of PPA
The documentation and submission of PPA
The evaluation and decision of PPA
The verification and validation of PPA
The monitoring and improvement of PPA
VDA Band 2 was first published in 1997 and has been revised several times. The latest edition, VDA Band 2: 2020, was released in January 2020 and introduced some changes and updates, such as:
The alignment with IATF 16949:2016, the international standard for quality management systems for automotive industry
The integration of customer-specific requirements from different car manufacturers
The clarification of terms and definitions
The simplification of the PPA process flow
The enhancement of the PPA documentation and reporting
The inclusion of special characteristics and risk analysis
The consideration of new technologies and innovations
VDA Band 2 is widely used in Germany and other European countries as a reference for quality assurance for automotive suppliers. It helps to establish a common understanding and communication between the customers and the suppliers, and to improve the quality and reliability of the products and processes.How to apply VDA Band 2 for PPA?
To apply VDA Band 2 for PPA, the suppliers need to follow a series of steps, as shown in the figure below:
The steps are:
Define the scope and objectives of PPA: The suppliers need to identify the products and processes that require PPA, and the customer-specific requirements that apply to them. They also need to define the objectives and criteria of PPA, such as the quality level, the sampling size, and the acceptance conditions.
Plan and prepare PPA: The suppliers need to plan and prepare the PPA activities, such as the selection of the production site, the allocation of resources, the scheduling of the PPA timeline, and the communication with the customers. They also need to prepare the necessary documents and records for PPA, such as the product specification, the process flow chart, the control plan, and the test plan.
Perform PPA: The suppliers need to perform the PPA activities according to the plan and the customer-specific requirements. They need to produce and test the samples from the production process, and record and analyze the results. They also need to verify and validate that the products and processes meet the specifications and expectations of the customers.
Document and submit PPA: The suppliers need to document and submit the PPA results to the customers for evaluation and decision. They need to use a standardized format for PPA documentation, such as the VDA Volume 2 Part 1 form or a customer-specific form. They also need to provide supporting evidence and information for PPA, such as test reports, certificates, photos, and drawings.
Evaluate and decide PPA: The customers need to evaluate and decide on the PPA results submitted by the suppliers. They need to check if the products and processes comply with their requirements and expectations, and if there are any deviations or non-conformities. They also need to communicate their decision and feedback to the suppliers, such as approval, conditional approval, or rejection.
Monitor and improve PPA: The suppliers need to monitor and improve their products and processes based on the PPA results and feedback from the customers. They need to implement corrective actions and preventive measures for any deviations or non-conformities identified during PPA. They also need to update their documents and records accordingly. They may also need to repeat or extend PPA if there are any changes or modifications in their products or processes.
VDA Band 2 provides detailed guidance and examples for each step of PPA. It also provides checklists and forms for PPA documentation and submission. The suppliers can use these tools to facilitate their PPA activities and ensure their compliance with VDA Band 2. 0efd9a6b88
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